This blog will explore the shaped round robin (SRR) technology implemented on the Cisco 2960/2970/3560/3750 switches. The 2960/2970/3560/3750 switches will be referred to as the 3750 switch family throughout this blog. Read more
In this blog, we will take a look at the QoS capabilities of the 4500 series switch. Quality of Service (QoS) processing on the 4500 series switch is done at the supervisor module. QoS support requires the Supervisor 2+ or later supervisor module with each supervisor supporting different capabilities.
QoS processing is not turned on by default. QoS is turned on by using the following global IOS command:
Cat4500(config)#qos Read more
In this blog, we will continue the switch based QoS coverage and discuss some of the QoS specifics of the 3550 switch platform. As this blog roll continues, we’ll discuss the queuing architectures and configurations of the the 4500, 6500, and 2960/2970/3560/3750 Catalyst family. Read more
The QoS SRND does a very good job of explaining the queuing configuration of the most popular switch platforms. I will discuss these switch platforms in this blog and the references section of this documents will include the direct links to the switch related queuing configuration section. Read more
In this blog, we will take a look at Cisco switch queuing architectures and configuration. Ethernet based switches have a lot of bandwidth, but congestion is a possibility on any platform. Local area network designs typically involve some form of oversubscription on uplinks to other switches. Large Cisco switch deployments consist of the following three layers:
• Access Read more
• Distribution
• Core
In this blog, we will look at an access layer switch configuration performing classification, marking, and policing. The policy incorporates the creation of a scavenger class to further leverage the preemptive security advantages of rolling out quality of service. Once QoS is deployed, the next Internet work or denial of service attack can only utilize the resources that are not currently being utilized for good traffic receiving a bandwidth guarantee. Read more
Classification and marking at the access layer switch port allows a more granular policy than configuring trust boundaries of any kind at the switch port. A classification and marking policy provisioned at the access layer port of a switch assumes any existing markings are not trusted. Cisco routers can use NBAR to identify traffic in the application (layer 7) header, but NBAR requires stateful packet inspection which can be processor intensive. Read more
Here are the available switchport trust options that we will discuss in this blog:
Untrusted Read more
Trust CoS
Trust DSCP
Trust IP Precedence
Passthru DSCP
Untrusted with Access Control List
Cisco switches perform most Quality of Service (QoS) operations in hardware, while routers perform QoS functions in software. It is best practice to use the switch to perform deep packet classification and marking functionality on the switches. The router will need to re-classify the packet, but the classification can be on the DSCP marking rather than a transport layer port number. Most Cisco switches do not support the NBAR classification mechanism which can look into the layer 7 header of a packet (up to 400 bytes). Read more
In the translation profile example, we will utilize a translation profile to manipulate digits for inter-site call routing when the voip dial peer is not available (WAN down) or when the H.323 gatekeeper sends the H.323 gateway an admission rejection (ARJ) indicating that there is no bandwidth available or the gatekeeper cannot resolve the phone number.
The H.323 gateway configuration required to register with the gatekeeper is as follows:
Interface loopback 0 Read more
Ip address 10.1.1.254 255.255.255.255
H323-gateway voip interface
H323-gateway voip bind srcaddr 10.1.1.254
In the last couple of blogs, we covered translation rule logic. In this blog, we will apply this logic to a gateway router configuration. Dial peer 22 below is represents an FXS port with an analog phone connected to it:
Dial-peer voice 22 pots Read more
Destination-pattern 11321
Port 0/1/0
In this blog we will continue our conversation of translation rules that we began in the last blog.
Router(cfg-translation-rule)#rule 5 /^9\(845\)\([2-9]……\)/ /\2/
Rule 5 above matches on any pattern that begins with an access code of a 9, followed by an area code of 845 and a 7-digit number with an additional digit in the range of 2 through 9. The replace operator of \2 brings of the second set in parenthesis (7 digit phone number). The rule essentially matches on an outbound call with an 845 area code and strips the 9 access code and 845. Read more
The Cisco Unity Tools website has posted training vides for the upcoming Cisco Unity Connections 7.1 release at the following URL:
http://www.ciscounitytools.com/TOI_CUC71.htm
Does anyone know the release dates for the 7.1 Cisco Unified products (Unity, CUCM, Presence, etc.)?
Voice translation profiles allow administrators granular control of digit translation. Translation profiles can also be leveraged to block incoming calls based on a caller ID range of numbers. A translation profile is a logical collection of translation rules. A translation profile can utilize up to three translation rules in the following way:
• one rule for manipulating calling party digits Read more
• one rule for manipulating called party digits
• one rule for redirected called party digits
In previous blogs, we have configured a PSTN dial plan using seven POTS dial peers to meet the North American Numbering Plan dial requirements. A customer with a four port FXO interface to the PSTN would be required to configure four sets of these dial peers (i.e. 4 x 7 = 28) to utilize all four available foreign exchange office (FXO) ports.
Trunk groups can be configured to bind the VIC2-4FXO voice interfaces to a logical trunk group call routing entity allowing the configuration to be done with only seven dial peers. The configuration of the trunk group is shown below: Read more
Let’s investigate a scenario where a company has offices using a Cisco Unified Communications Manager Express (CUCME) router in San Jose, California and a CUCME system in New York City. The router in New York City will be configured to route 5 digit inter-office calls to the San Jose network over the IP WAN. If the IP WAN is not available, the router should be configured to re-route the call to the PSTN using 11 digit dialing to the direct inward dialing range 408-551-2XXX that was purchased from the PSTN provider.
The following dial-peers are used to configure this call routing: Read more
The following two VoIP dial peers were created to point 5 digits numbers beginning with digits 11 to two different IP addresses that represent Cisco Unified Communications Managers:
Dial-peer voice 100 voip
Destination-pattern 11…
Preference 1
Session target ipv4:10.1.1.1
Dial-peer voice 101 voip Read more
Destination-pattern 11…
Preference 2
Session target ipv4: 10.1.1.2
This blog will be a break from the H.323 blog series I'm currently doing to discuss EoS and EoL information related to Cisco phones.
One of my students has recently told me that Cisco would not sell them a Smartnet support contract for their 5,000 7960 Cisco IP phones. I was able to find the following end-of-sale and end-of-support announcement at Cisco's website:
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/hw/phones/ps379/prod_eol_notices_lis... Read more
In the last blog, two VoIP dial peers were created to point to two different CUCM servers performing call processing for the cluster. We will begin to discuss the dial-peer options of dial-peer 100 below:
Dial-peer voice 100 voip Read more
Destination-pattern 11…
Ip qos dscp cs3 signaling
Dtmf-relay h245-alphanumeric
No vad
Codec g711ulaw
Preference 1
Session target ipv4:10.1.1.1
In the last blog, an inbound POTS dial-peer was created for Global Knowledge. When purchasing the circuit, we requested only the last 5 digits of the direct inward dialing (DID) block of numbers. For the sake of our example, we will assume Global Knowledge purchased the following DID block from the PSTN provider:
• (212) 551-1000 through (212) 551-1999
Since we will only be receiving the last 5 digits from the carrier, we will be receiving the following range of digits from the provider:
• 11000 - 11999 Read more
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Dennis Hartmann, CCIE No. 15651, is a Unified Communications consultant and author of Implementing Cisco Unified Communications Manager, Part 1. Dennis is also a lead instructor at Global Knowledge. Dennis was first exposed to CallManager during the CallManager 2.0 time frame when Cisco acquired Selsius. Dennis has various certifications, including the Cisco CCVP, CCSI, CCNP, CCIP, and the Microsoft MCSE. Dennis has worked for various Fortune 500 companies, including AT&T, Sprint, Merrill Lynch, KPMG, and Cabletron Systems. He lives with his wife and children in Hopewell Junction, New York.
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