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DOE lab says NetFlow is a key security tool

By Phil Hochmuth , Network World , 02/06/2006
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To secure the network at Argonne National Laboratory, Scott Pinkerton, network services manager for the lab, uses a mix of NetFlow traffic analysis and customized device scripting to tie together different Cisco-based security products, such as firewalls, VPN gear and intrusion detection/prevention system (IDS/IPS) hardware.

"We're data mining NetFlow very aggressively for what we think are zero-day attack traffic patterns," Pinkerton says, who manages a network of 2,600 users, about half of which are scientists at the lab's DuPage County, Ill. facility, operated by the University of Chicago.

NetFlow is a Cisco technology for storing traffic flow histories on routers and switches. Pulling NetFlow data and analyzing the flows with tools from Cisco and third party vendors can reveal network trends such as bandwidth utilization, protocol usage and end-user traffic patterns.

The network staff at Argonne pulls NetFlow data from all of its edge and core switches and routers every 60 seconds. Data pulled from the devices is centralized on a single server then and analyzed for unusual, or outright illegal, behavior.

"We can see how often machines on our network talk to other machines outside the network," and vie versa, Pinkerton says. For instance, he says, "desktops are not normally sending e-mails to 1,000 different IP addresses across the Internet."

When strange traffic behavior is detected in the NetFlow data, firewalls are reconfigured to limit or block such traffic. Pinkerton says firewall configurations are re-read, or tweaked, every hour to keep the perimeter devices up to date on the latest activity going on inside and outside the network.

Argonne National Labs is not an island; it peers with over a dozen other Department of Energy national laboratories, such as Lawrence Livermore in Berkeley, Calif., Sandia in New Mexico and the Stanford Particle Accelerator. With many of these labs interconnected with university networks, security is a larger issue for the entire group.

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