Researchers and IT managers are confirming security vendors' claims that spam levels have spiked in the past month - some say by as much as 80% - and show no signs of decreasing.

"There are enormous amounts of spam; it's shot up like crazy since the beginning of October," says John Levine, president of consulting firm Taughannock Networks and co-chair of the Internet Research Task Force's Anti-Spam Research Group. Levine operates a number of e-mail addresses that aren't filtered for spam. "Earlier this year I was seeing about 50,000 spam messages a day, now I'm seeing 100,000," he says.

Click to see: Spam slam

Levine's assumption is this spike in spam levels is a result of a new generation of viruses and zombies that can infect PCs more quickly and are harder to get rid of. In its October intelligence report, messaging security vendor MessageLabs says the spike is largely caused by the dominance of botnets, networks of compromised PCs that are turned unwittingly into spam servers. The report also identifies two Trojan programs, Warezov and SpamThru, that probably are contributing to the rise in spam.

Others say a new breed of spam messages called image spam - messages with text embedded in an image file that evade spam filters, which can't recognize the words inside the image - is responsible.

At North Shore-LIJ Heath System, a network of hospitals based in Great Neck, N.Y., with about 12,000 e-mail users, there has been an 80% increase in spam received in the last 45 days, says system architect Steve Young. Most of this is image spam, the majority of which is pump-and-dump scams, in which spammers purchase a penny stock, promote it through e-mail, then sell it at a profit. Most appear to come from Europe, Young says.

"We got slammed with a 50% increase [in spam] in one day. For the past year and a half none of my users ever got a spam message; in that first 48 hours [of image-spam blasts] there were 500 calls and over 1,000 complaints from users," he says.

Young called BorderWare, his e-mail security vendor, to ask for help. The company enrolled him in a beta program for its new technology designed to block image spam, which Young says is working. "We blocked 7,000 image spam messages in the first day" of trialing the technology, he says.