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Open source alone won't save Novell from oblivion.

That's the message Jack Messman, who took over the company reins in 2001, has been hammering home over the past few years. Just as important, he says, are new services that will run on top of the NetWare and Linux operating system kernels.

"Our value is up the stack from the kernel with services such as identity management, security and systems management that we add on," Messman says. "Those are the areas where we will see revenue opportunities in the future."

As much as it is focusing on open source, Novell (No. 59 on the Network World 200) cannot put NetWare behind it, he says. "Our legacy operating system, NetWare, [currently] accounts for virtually all the revenue for new software licenses," he explained last month in an interview at the company's BrainShare annual user conference.

NetWare licensing revenue has been on the decline since 1996 - the first year Windows became the predominant server operating system worldwide. That year, Novell reported operating system licensing revenue of $754 million, down from slightly more than $1 billion in 1995. By the end of 2002, NetWare licenses accounted for about 30% of worldwide revenue, or just $319 million. A 17% drop in 2003 left the company with $265 million in license revenue, while another 10% decline brought the figure to $238 million for 2004.

Today, Messman promises the company is in the midst of a "transformation," propelled by the dual open source and services initiatives launched two years ago.

Novell got serious about open source in 2003, when executives formalized the company's strategy for migrating the NetWare installed base to Linux rather than seeing those users won over by Windows. Before 2003, Novell had dabbled in open source, mostly in making its eDirectory and ZENworks management packages work with Linux.

As part of its new open source strategy, Novell launched the acquisitions of SuSE Linux and Ximian, a Linux desktop vendor, and unveiled plans for Nterprise Linux Services, a NetWare variant that would run on the Linux kernel.