LEDs making flat-panel displays brighter

The quality of the picture on desktop monitors, laptop screens, LCD TVs and dozens of consumer electronic devices is set to improve drastically with new backlighting technology that creates far more vibrant colors, brighter screens and sharper images for users.

Backlighting helps create contrast on LCD screens by illuminating the background so that the foreground appears sharper.

The technology, LED, is new to the marketplace for a few reasons, mainly cost. A user would have to pay two or three times as much for an LCD TV that uses an LED backlight instead of a traditional cold cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL) backlight, for example.

But prices have come down to the point where most technologies start to break into the market, when specialists or enthusiasts are willing to pay. And once LED production rises, reaching heavier volumes, prices will come down — and continue to come down as rivals in the industry expand factories and grab for market share.

It’s the ‘trickle down’ theory of the technology industry, that new technologies start at the high end, where users are willing to pay a premium for better performance, then as production volumes expand, prices fall and the technology moves into the mainstream.

“It all depends on supply and demand and when people want the quality,” said Nithi Nithipalan, CEO of Tekcore, an LED maker in Taiwan.

In some devices, particularly smaller ones, LED backlights are already becoming common. Sony Computer Entertainment’s PlayStation Portable (PSP) handheld gaming device, is one prime example, because gamers demand the best image quality possible. And more gadgets using LED backlights are on the way.

“The next major product will be the notebooks, notebook screens .. .maybe in the first half of next year,” said C.T. Liu, vice president of AU Optronics’ technology center, forecasting when LED backlights will become standard in new laptops.

LED backlights are making headway in laptops because costs are coming down and LEDs use less power, saving battery life. In laptops, power savings is far more important than plug-in devices, and screens tend to be a major battery drainer. LED backlights reduce power usage by at least 10% compared with older technologies, Liu said.

The trickle of LED backlights into PC monitors and laptop screens has already started in premium models. Sony Corp., for example, uses LED backlights in some high-end Vaio PC monitors and premium laptops, such as its Type T and Type F series.

But for LCD TVs, heavy costs are holding the technology back. The more LEDs required for the backlight, the higher the cost, since LEDs are aligned, one-by-one, on an array. LEDs are basically tiny light bulbs illuminated by the movement of electrons in semiconductor material, and they fit easily onto electrical circuits. They’re being used more in traffic lights and other products for lighting (not as backlights) because they don’t have a filament like ordinary incandescent bulbs, so they last a lot longer.

There have been some attempts to market LCD TVs that use LED backlights. Sony used to offer the Qualia 005 LCD TV, complete with an LED backlight, but users weren’t willing to pay the premium price.

“We still plan to use the technology in the future,” said Mina Naito, a Sony representative in Tokyo. The company even used one in an 82-inch LCD TV prototype it showed off at the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas early this year, she said.

AU Optronics has been providing 23-inch LCD screens with LED backlights to customers, mainly for sale to users in design work and modeling. Larger sizes, up to 42 inches, can be found but they’re expensive.

Still, the cost of LEDs continues to fall, and that should encourage companies to use them in more products, to the benefit of users.

In 10-inch screens and smaller, LED backlights now have a cost advantage over CCFL backlights, Nithipalan says, and he predicts the technology will continue to make inroads into larger screen markets. His company is already placing its bets, with a new $200 million factory aimed at catching rising demand.